Conditioning agents for personal care compositions

ABSTRACT

An emollient represented by the formula: 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
         
         
           
             wherein: 
             R 1  is CH 3 (CH 2 ) m  and may be interrupted with at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of amine, ether, ester, amide, sulfur, sulfur monoxide, sulfer dioxide, sulfamate, hydroxy, or mixtures thereof; and 
             m=6-16 
             n=0 or 1 
             R 2 =H or CH 3 ; and 
             R 3 =CO(CH) 2 COOH or CO(CH 2 ) 2 COOH.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application claims priority from U.S. ProvisionalApplication No. 61/475,145, filed Apr. 13, 2011.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to new mild conditioning agents. In particular,the invention relates to a novel emollient which may be derived fromnatural feedstocks.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The development of cleansing products (including, without limitation,liquid hand soaps, body washes, shampoos, bath washes, hairconditioners, liquid dish detergents, car wash detergents, and the like)has long been driven by the challenge of providing a combination ofperformance properties such as good foaming, good cleansing, goodrinsing, enhanced mildness, and improved skin feel. This combination ofproperties is even more challenging to provide in clear cleansingproducts, which are highly desired. Often the addition of a component toa cleansing composition formulation may enhance one property to thedetriment of another desired property of the composition. For example, acomposition may enhance skin conditioning by incorporating emollients atthe expense of foaming. Therefore, those in the relevant art have beenseeking new formulations to help achieve the balance of desirableperformance properties.

Examples of developments in cleansing formulations seeking to balancelow irritation, good tactile characteristics, good foaming, and goodcleansing include U.S. Pat. No. 4,664,835 to Grollier et al., whichdescribes a washing and cleansing formulation containing a syntheticsurfactant and an anionic polymer; U.S. Pat. No. 5,646,100 to Haugk etal., which describes a liquid personal cleansing formulation containingan anionic surfactant, a betaine, and an alkyl polyglycoside; and U.S.Pat. No. 5,310,508 to Subramanyam et al., which describes a personalcleansing composition containing a salt of alcohol ethoxy glycerylsulfonate (“AGS”) and a second synthetic surfactant.

It is well known that a liquid cleansing composition is typicallyaqueous and comprises one or more mild detersive surfactants and/orsoaps. For example, conventional hand cleansers, body washes, shampoos,or liquid soap typically comprise a synthetic detersive and/or fattyacid soap and one or more foam stabilizing, wetting, or emulsifyingsurfactants.

However, cleansing compositions based on synthetic detergents oftenimpart poor skin feel during and after use, and require additives toimprove such tactile aspects of performance. One known emollient forimproving skin feel and softness is polyethylene glycol-7 glycerylcocoate (PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate), which is a polyethylene glycol etherof glyceryl cocoate containing an average of 7 moles of ethylene oxide.PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate is commercially available from a number ofsources, such as Croda, Inc., under the trade name Glycerox HE, CognisCorporation, under the trade name Cetiol HE, and Degussa CareSpecialties, under the trade name Tegosoft GC. Although theincorporation of such an emollient may help to improve skin feel incleansing compositions, it may not contribute to other necessaryproperties, such as attractive product appearance and viscosity, and mayhave a negative effect on foaming. Thus, additional components, such asfoam builders and viscosity builders, may need to be incorporated intothe cleansing compositions, which can lead to an increased cost inproducing such compositions. Further, at concentrations higher thanabout 2% by weight, PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate may be difficult to mix intoaqueous systems, especially at ambient temperatures, which may requiremore elaborate and/or costly mixing procedures to produce the cleansingcompositions.

Despite these developments, there remains a need for a cleansingformulation that provides enhanced skin feel, low skin irritation, lowskin drying, good cleansing ability, good foaming, and good rinsabilitycharacteristics/properties, especially in a clear cleansing product.There also remains a need for a cleansing formulation that utilizescomponents that are multi-functional, thereby obtaining a desiredbalance of properties with fewer components, which result in lower costsof production.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention herein relates to an emollient represented by the formula:

wherein:

R₁ is CH₃(CH₂)_(m) and may be interrupted with at least one heteroatomselected from the group consisting of amine, ether, ester, amide,sulfur, sulfur monoxide, sulfer dioxide, sulfamate, hydroxy, or mixturesthereof; and

m=6-16

n=0 or 1

R₂=H or CH₃; and

R₃=CO(CH)₂COOH or CO(CH₂)₂COOH.

The invention further relates to methods of making the emollient herein,as well as to compositions comprising the emollient and uses thereof.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

While the specification concludes with claims that particularly pointout and distinctly claim the invention, it is believed the presentinvention will be better understood from the following description.

All percentages, parts and ratios are based upon the total weight of thecompositions of the present invention, unless otherwise specified. Allsuch weights as they pertain to listed ingredients are based on theactive level, and, therefore, do not include solvents or by-productsthat may be included in commercially available materials, unlessotherwise specified. The term “weight percent” may be denoted as “wt. %”herein.

All molecular weights as used herein are weight average molecularweights expressed as grams/mole, unless otherwise specified.

Herein, “comprising” means that other steps and other ingredients whichdo not affect the end result can be added. This term encompasses theterms “consisting of” and “consisting essentially of”. The compositionsand methods/processes of the present invention can comprise, consist of,and consist essentially of the essential elements and limitations of theinvention described herein, as well as any of the additional or optionalingredients, components, steps, or limitations described herein.

The term “charge density”, as used herein, refers to the ratio of thenumber of positive charges on a monomeric unit of which a polymer iscomprised to the molecular weight of said monomeric unit. The chargedensity multiplied by the polymer molecular weight determines the numberof positively charged sites on a given polymer chain.

The term “personal care composition” as used herein, unless otherwisespecified, refers to the compositions of the present invention, whereinthe compositions are intended to include only those compositions fortopical application to the hair or skin, and specifically excludes thosecompositions that are directed primarily to other applications such ashard surface cleansing, fabric or laundry cleansing, and similar otherapplications not intended primarily for topical application to the hairor skin.

The term “polymer” as used herein shall include materials whether madeby polymerization of one type of monomer or made by two (i.e.,copolymers) or more types of monomers.

The term “solid particle” as used herein means a particle that is not aliquid or a gas.

The term “water-soluble” as used herein, means that the polymer issoluble in water in the present composition. In general, the polymershould be soluble at 25° C. at a concentration of at least 0.1% byweight of the water solvent, preferably at least 1%, more preferably atleast 5%, most preferably at least 15%.

The term “water-insoluble” as used herein, means that a compound is notsoluble in water in the present composition. Thus, the compound is notmiscible with water.

Emollient

The emollients herein conform to the general formula I:

wherein:

R₁ is CH₃(CH₂)_(m) and may be interrupted with at least one heteroatomselected from the group consisting of amine, ether, ester, amide,sulfur, sulfur monoxide, sulfer dioxide, sulfamate, hydroxy, or mixturesthereof; and

m=6-16

n=0 or 1

R₂=H or CH₃; and

R₃=CO(CH)₂COOH or CO(CH₂)₂COOH.

In one embodiment, R₁ may be branched, alkyl, or alkenyl. If R₁ isalkenyl, it preferably comprises no more than one double bond. While “m”may be C₆ to C₁₆, it is more preferably C₈ to C₁₄, and most preferablyfrom C₁₀ to C₁₂.

The emollients herein may be formed according to the synthesistechniques described in U.S. Patent Publication Numbers 2008/0051592 and2008/0319236.

While the emollients herein may be derived from traditionalpetrochemical sources, in one embodiment, the emollients may be derivedfrom natural sources and considered “green” and environmentallyfriendly. For the purpose of this invention the term “naturally derived”means that the emollients herein, as well as the raw materials fromwhich the emollients are obtained, have not previously been grown in ortreated with petrochemical materials such a petrochemical solvents. Italso means that the initial sources of the raw materials or theemollients are not petrochemicals. Petroleum oils are, of course,naturally occurring materials. But the term “natural” is used herein toexclude materials which have been produced with or treated by syntheticor petrochemical chemicals such as solvents. While the emollients hereinmay be combined with other synthetic or petrochemical-based ingredientsand surfactants, in one embodiment, the emollients per-se may beconsidered to be naturally derived.

The emollients herein are suitable for various personal carecompositions. For example, the surfactants may be present in bodywashes, shampoos, facial cleansers, and other compositions used in thehome or on the body. Since the compositions are believed to beparticularly mild to the skin, body washes and shampoos are particularlywell suited for such emollients. When formulated in a personal carecomposition, the emollients may be present at a level of from about 0.5%to about 25%, preferably from about 0.8% to about 20%, and mostpreferably from about 1% to about 15%.

In one embodiment, the emollients may be present in a single phase or ina visually distinct multi-phase personal care composition. At least oneof the visually distinct phases may comprise a cleansing phase whichincludes a surfactant component. The surfactant component may compriseone or more surfactants, and the multiple phases may be in physicalcontact with one another. Such multi-phase compositions are described inU.S. Patent Application Number 2005/0192187.

Surfactant Component

The personal care composition may comprise from about 1% to about 30%,by weight of the personal care composition, of a surfactant component.In some embodiments, the personal care composition comprises from about3% to about 22%, by weight of the personal care composition, of asurfactant component comprising an anionic surfactant. In someembodiments, the personal care composition comprises from about 5% to15%, by weight of the personal care composition, of the surfactantcomponent. In some embodiments, the personal care composition comprisesfrom about 10% to about 15%, by weight of the personal care composition,of a surfactant component. In some embodiments, the surfactant componentcomprises a mixture of surfactants selected from anionic surfactants,amphoteric surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, cationic surfactants,nonionic surfactants and mixtures thereof. Suitable surfactants for thepersonal care composition are described in McCutcheon's: Detergents andEmulsifiers North American Edition (Allured Publishing Corporation 1947)(1986), McCutcheon's, Functional Materials North American Edition(Allured Publishing Corporation 1973) (1992) and U.S. Pat. No. 3,929,678(filed Aug. 1, 1974).

In some embodiments, the surfactant component is an isotropiccomposition. In some embodiments, the surfactant component is structuredsuch that the resultant personal care composition is a lamellarcomposition, or is at least partly present in the lamellar phase.

The anionic surfactants, in some embodiments, comprise reaction productsof fatty acids esterified with isethionic acid and neutralized withsodium hydroxide. In some embodiments, the surfactant componentcomprises from about 0.1% to about 50%; alternatively, from about 0.5%to about 10%, by weight of the personal care composition, of amphotericor zwitterionic surfactants. Suitable amphoteric or zwitterionic oramphoteric surfactants, in some embodiments, comprise those described inU.S. Pat. No. 5,104,646 (filed Jul. 16, 1990) and U.S. Pat. No.5,106,609 (Jul. 16, 1990). The amphoteric surfactants, in someembodiments, comprise those surfactants broadly described as comprisingaliphatic groups and secondary or tertiary amines in which the aliphaticmoieties can be straight or branched chain and wherein one of thealiphatic substituent contain from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms andone contains an anionic water solubilizing group such as carboxy,sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate. The zwitterionicsurfactants, in some embodiments, comprise those surfactants broadlydescribed as comprising aliphatic groups and quaternary ammonium,phosphonium, and sulfonium compounds, in which the aliphatic groups canbe straight or branched chain, and wherein one of the aliphaticsubstituents contains from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms and containsan anionic group such as carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate orphosphonate. In some embodiments, the zwitterionic surfactant comprisesa betaine.

In some embodiments, the amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant isselected from cocoamidopropyl betaine, lauramidopropyl betaine, cocobetaine, lauryl betaine, cocoamphoacetate, cocoamphodiacetate,lauroamphoacetate, lauroamphodiacetate, lauramine oxide, sarcosinate,glutamate, lactate and mixtures thereof. The surfactant component, insome embodiments, comprise cationic surfactants that comprise amino orquaternary ammonium hydrophilic moieties which are positively chargedwhen dissolved in the personal care composition of the presentinvention. Cationic surfactants are disclosed in Schwartz, et al.,Surface Active Agents, Their Chemistry and Technology (IntersciencePublishers) (1949); U.S. Pat. No. 3,155,591 (filed Dec. 6, 1961); U.S.Pat. No. 3,929,678 (filed Aug. 1, 1974); U.S. Pat. No. 3,959,461 (filedMay 28, 1974) and U.S. Pat. No. 4,387,090 (filed Feb. 13, 1981).

In some embodiments, the surfactant component comprises non-ionicsurfactants selected from cocoamide monoethanolamine, lauramidemonoethanolamine, cocoyl glucosides, lauryl glucosides, decylglucosides, other alkyl glucosides, trideceth-1, trideceth-3 from EXXAL®23 and laureth 1, -2, -3, -4 and -5, alkyl ethoxylates from linear,branched, and unsaturated hydrocarbons.

In some embodiments, the surfactant component comprises the surfactants,selected from ammonium lauryl sulfate, ammonium laureth sulfate,triethylamine lauryl sulfate, triethylamine laureth sulfate,triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine laureth sulfate,monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine laureth sulfate,diethanolamine lauryl sulfate, diethanolamine laureth sulfate, lauricmonoglyceride sodium sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium laurethsulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate, potassium laureth sulfate, sodiumlauryl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, lauryl sarcosine, cocoylsarcosine, ammonium cocoyl sulfate, ammonium lauroyl sulfate, sodiumcocoyl sulfate, sodium lauroyl sulfate, potassium cocoyl sulfate,potassium lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate,triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine cocoyl sulfate,monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate, sodium tridecyl benzene sulfonate,sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, cocamidopropyl betaine, sodiumlauroamphoacetate, alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonate, and mixtures thereof.

Cosmetically Acceptable Medium

Embodiments including the surfactant as a component of a personal carecomposition comprise a cosmetically acceptable medium. The level andspecies of the medium are selected according to the compatibility withother components and other desired characteristic of the product.Generally, the cosmetically acceptable medium is present in an amountfrom about 20% to about 95% by weight of the composition. A cosmeticallyacceptable medium may be selected such that the composition of thepresent invention may be in the form of, for example, a pourable liquid,a gel, a paste, a dried powder, or a dried film.

Cosmetically acceptable mediums useful in the present invention includewater and water solutions of lower alkyl alcohols. Lower alkyl alcoholsuseful herein are monohydric alcohols having 1 to 6 carbons, andpreferably are selected from ethanol and isopropanol.

In cosmetic applications, the pH of the present composition, measuredneat, is preferably from about 3 to about 9, more preferably from about4 to about 8.

In automatic dishwashing compositions, the pH may be from about 7 toabout 13, more preferably from about 8 to about 12, and most preferablyfrom about 9 to about 10.

Buffers and other pH-adjusting agents can be included to achieve thedesirable pH.

Oily Conditioning Agent

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the personal carecompositions comprise one or more oily conditioning agents. Oilyconditioning agents include materials which are used to give aparticular conditioning benefit to hair and/or skin. In hair treatmentcompositions, suitable conditioning agents are those which deliver oneor more benefits relating to shine, softness, combability, antistaticproperties, wet-handling, damage, manageability, body, and greasiness.The oily conditioning agents useful in the compositions of the presentinvention typically comprise a water-insoluble, water-dispersible,non-volatile, liquid that forms emulsified, liquid particles. Suitableoily conditioning agents for use in the composition are thoseconditioning agents characterized generally as silicones (e.g., siliconeoils, cationic silicones, silicone gums, high refractive silicones, andsilicone resins), organic conditioning oils (e.g., hydrocarbon oils,polyolefins, and fatty esters) or combinations thereof, or thoseconditioning agents which otherwise form liquid, dispersed particles inthe aqueous surfactant matrix herein.

One or more oily conditioning agents are typically present at aconcentration from about 0.01% to about 10%, preferably from about 0.1%to about 8%, more preferably from about 0.2% to about 4%, by weight ofthe composition.

Silicone Conditioning Agent

The invention herein may include one or more oily conditioning agents.Such oily conditioning agents may include a water-soluble siliconeconditioning agent. The silicone conditioning agent may comprisevolatile silicone, non-volatile silicone, or combinations thereof.Preferred are non-volatile silicone conditioning agents. If volatilesilicones are present, it will typically be incidental to their use as asolvent or carrier for commercially available forms of non-volatilesilicone materials ingredients, such as silicone gums and resins. Thesilicone conditioning agent particles may comprise a silicone fluidconditioning agent and may also comprise other ingredients, such as asilicone resin to improve silicone fluid deposition efficiency orenhance glossiness of the hair.

Non-limiting examples of suitable silicone conditioning agents, andoptional suspending agents for the silicone, are described in U.S.Reissue Pat. No. 34,584, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,104,646, and 5,106,609. Thesilicone conditioning agents for use in the compositions of the presentinvention preferably have a viscosity, as measured at 25° C., from about20 to about 2,000,000 centistokes (“csk”), more preferably from about1,000 to about 1,800,000 csk, even more preferably from about 5,000 toabout 1,500,000 csk, more preferably from about 10,000 to about1,000,000 csk.

In an embodiment including a generally opaque composition, the personalcare composition comprises a non-volatile silicone oil having a particlesize as measured in the personal care composition from about 1 μm toabout 50 μm. In an embodiment which may be transparent, translucent, oropaque, the personal care composition comprises a non-volatile siliconeoil having a particle size as measured in the personal care compositionfrom about 100 nm to about 1 μm. One embodiment comprises a non-volatilesilicone oil having a particle size as measured in the personal carecomposition of less than about 100 nm.

Non-volatile silicone oils suitable for use in the compositions may beselected from organo-modified silicones and fluoro-modified silicones.In one embodiment of the present invention, the non-volatile siliconeoil is an organo-modified silicone which comprises an organo groupselected from the group consisting of alkyl groups, alkenyl groups,hydroxyl groups, amine groups, quaternary groups, carboxyl groups, fattyacid groups, ether groups, ester groups, mercapto groups, sulfategroups, sulfonate groups, phosphate groups, propylene oxide groups, andethylene oxide groups.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the non-volatilesilicone oil is dimethicone.

Background material on silicones including sections discussing siliconefluids, gums, and resins, as well as manufacture of silicones, are foundin Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, vol. 15, 2d ed., pp204-308, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (1989).

Silicone fluids suitable for use in the compositions of the presentinvention are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,826,551, 3,964,500,4,364,837, British Pat. No. 849,433, and Silicon Compounds, PetrarchSystems, Inc. (1984).

Organic Conditioning Oils

The oily conditioning agent may also comprise at least one organicconditioning oil, either alone or in combination with other conditioningagents, such as the silicones described above.

Hydrocarbon Oils

Suitable organic conditioning oils for use as conditioning agents in thecompositions of the present invention include, but are not limited to,hydrocarbon oils having at least about 10 carbon atoms, such as cyclichydrocarbons, straight chain aliphatic hydrocarbons (saturated orunsaturated), and branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbons (saturated orunsaturated), including polymers and mixtures thereof. Straight chainhydrocarbon oils preferably are from about C₁₂ to about C₁₉. Branchedchain hydrocarbon oils, including hydrocarbon polymers, typically willcontain more than 19 carbon atoms.

Specific non-limiting examples of these hydrocarbon oils includeparaffin oil, mineral oil, saturated and unsaturated dodecane, saturatedand unsaturated tridecane, saturated and unsaturated tetradecane,saturated and unsaturated pentadecane, saturated and unsaturatedhexadecane, polybutene, polydecene, and mixtures thereof. Branched-chainisomers of these compounds, as well as of higher chain lengthhydrocarbons, can also be used, examples of which include 2, 2, 4, 4, 6,6, 8, 8-dimethyl-10-methylundecane and 2, 2, 4, 4, 6,6-dimethyl-8-methylnonane, available from Permethyl Corporation. Apreferred hydrocarbon polymer is polybutene, such as the copolymer ofisobutylene and butene, which is commercially available as L-14polybutene from Amoco Chemical Corporation.

Polyolefins

Organic conditioning oils can also include liquid polyolefins, morepreferably liquid poly-α-olefins, more preferably hydrogenated liquidpoly-α-olefins. Polyolefins for use herein are prepared bypolymerization of C₄ to about C₁₄ olefenic monomers, preferably fromabout C₆ to about C₁₂.

Non-limiting examples of olefenic monomers for use in preparing thepolyolefin liquids herein include ethylene, propylene, 1-butene,1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene, 1-tetradecene,branched chain isomers such as 4-methyl-1-pentene, and mixtures thereof.Also suitable for preparing the polyolefin liquids are olefin-containingrefinery feedstocks or effluents.

Fatty Esters

Other suitable organic conditioning oils include fatty esters having atleast 10 carbon atoms. These fatty esters include esters withhydrocarbyl chains derived from fatty acids or alcohols. The hydrocarbylradicals of the fatty esters hereof may include or have covalentlybonded thereto other compatible functionalities, such as amides andalkoxy moieties (e.g., ethoxy or ether linkages, etc.).

Specific examples of preferred fatty esters include, but are not limitedto, isopropyl isostearate, hexyl laurate, isohexyl laurate, isohexylpalmitate, isopropyl palmitate, decyl oleate, isodecyl oleate, hexadecylstearate, decyl stearate, isopropyl isostearate, dihexyldecyl adipate,lauryl lactate, myristyl lactate, cetyl lactate, oleyl stearate, oleyloleate, oleyl myristate, lauryl acetate, cetyl propionate, and oleyladipate.

Other fatty esters suitable for use in the compositions of the presentinvention are those known as polyhydric alcohol esters. Such polyhydricalcohol esters include alkylene glycol esters.

Still other fatty esters suitable for use in the compositions of thepresent invention are glycerides, including, but not limited to, mono-,di-, and tri-glycerides, preferably di- and tri-glycerides, morepreferably triglycerides. A variety of these types of materials can beobtained from vegetable and animal fats and oils, such as castor oil,safflower oil, cottonseed oil, corn oil, olive oil, cod liver oil,almond oil, avocado oil, palm oil, sesame oil, lanolin and soybean oil.Synthetic oils include, but are not limited to, triolein and tristearinglyceryl dilaurate.

Fluorinated Conditioning Compounds

Fluorinated compounds suitable for delivering conditioning to hair orskin as organic conditioning oils include perfluoropolyethers,perfluorinated olefins, fluorine based specialty polymers that may be ina fluid or elastomer form similar to the silicone fluids previouslydescribed, and perfluorinated dimethicones. Specific non-limitingexamples of suitable fluorinated compounds include the Fomblin productline from Ausimont which includes HC/04, HC/25, HC01, HC/02, HC/03;Dioctyldodecyl Fluoroeptyl Citrate, commonly called Biosil Basics FluoroGerbet 3.5 supplied by Biosil Technologies; and Biosil Basics FluorosilLF also supplied by Biosil Technologies.

Fatty Alcohols

Other suitable organic conditioning oils for use in the personal carecompositions of the present invention include, but are not limited to,fatty alcohols having at least about 10 carbon atoms, more preferablyabout 10 to about 22 carbon atoms, most preferably about 12 to about 16carbon atoms. Also suitable for use in the personal care compositions ofthe present inventions are alkoxylated fatty alcohols which conform tothe general formula:CH₃(CH₂)_(n)CH₂(OCH₂CH₂)_(p)OHwherein n is a positive integer having a value from about 8 to about 20,preferably about 10 to about 14, and p is a positive integer having avalue from about 1 to about 30, preferably from about 2 to about 23.

Alkyl Glucosides and Alkyl Glucoside Derivatives

Suitable organic conditioning oils include, but are not limited to,alkyl glucosides and alkyl glucoside derivatives. Specific non-limitingexamples of suitable alkyl glucosides and alkyl glucoside derivativesinclude Glucam E-10, Glucam E-20, Glucam P-10, and Glucquat 125commercially available from Amerchol.

Other Conditioning Agents

Quaternary Ammonium Compounds

Suitable quaternary ammonium compounds include, but are not limited to,hydrophilic quaternary ammonium compounds with a long chain substituenthaving a carbonyl moiety, like an amide moiety, or a phosphate estermoiety or a similar hydrophilic moiety.

Examples of useful hydrophilic quaternary ammonium compounds include,but are not limited to, compounds designated in the CTFA CosmeticDictionary as ricinoleamidopropyl trimonium chloride, ricinoleamidotrimonium ethylsulfate, hydroxy stearamidopropyl trimoniummethylsulfateand hydroxy stearamidopropyl trimonium chloride, or combinationsthereof.

Examples of other useful quaternary ammonium surfactants include, butare not limited to, Quaternium-33, Quaternium-43, isostearamidopropylethyldimonium ethosulfate, Quaternium-22 and Quaternium-26, orcombinations thereof, as designated in the CTFA Dictionary.

Other hydrophilic quaternary ammonium compounds useful in a compositionof the present invention include, but are not limited to, Quaternium-16,Quaternium-27, Quaternium-30, Quaternium-52, Quaternium-53,Quaternium-56, Quaternium-60, Quaternium-61, Quaternium-62,Quaternium-63, Quaternium-71, and combinations thereof.

Polyethylene Glycols

Additional compounds useful herein as conditioning agents includepolyethylene glycols and polypropylene glycols having a molecular weightof up to about 2,000,000 such as those with CTFA names PEG-200, PEG-400,PEG-600, PEG-1000, PEG-2M, PEG-7M, PEG-14M, PEG-45M and mixturesthereof.

Additional Components

The personal care compositions may further comprise one or moreadditional components known for use in hair care or personal careproducts, provided that the additional components are physically andchemically compatible with the essential components described herein, ordo not otherwise unduly impair product stability, aesthetics orperformance. Individual concentrations of such additional components mayrange from about 0.001% to about 10% by weight of the personal carecompositions.

Non-limiting examples of additional components for use in thecomposition include natural cationic deposition polymers, syntheticcationic deposition polymers, anti-dandruff agents, particles,suspending agents, paraffinic hydrocarbons, propellants, viscositymodifiers, dyes, non-volatile solvents or diluents (water-soluble andwater-insoluble), pearlescent aids, foam boosters, additionalsurfactants or nonionic cosurfactants, pediculicides, pH adjustingagents, perfumes, preservatives, chelants, proteins, skin active agents,sunscreens, UV absorbers, and vitamins.

Cellulose or Guar Cationic Deposition Polymers

The personal care compositions of the present invention may also includecellulose or guar cationic deposition polymers. Generally, suchcellulose or guar cationic deposition polymers may be present at aconcentration from about 0.05% to about 5%, by weight of thecomposition. Suitable cellulose or guar cationic deposition polymershave a molecular weight of greater than about 5,000. Additionally, suchcellulose or guar deposition polymers have a charge density from about0.5 meq/g to about 4.0 meq/g at the pH of intended use of the personalcare composition. The pH of the compositions of the present inventionare measured neat.

Suitable cellulose or guar cationic polymers include those which conformto the following formula:

wherein A is an anhydroglucose residual group, such as a celluloseanhydroglucose residual; R is an alkylene oxyalkylene, polyoxyalkylene,or hydroxyalkylene group, or combination thereof; R¹, R², and R³independently are alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, oralkoxyaryl groups, each group containing up to about 18 carbon atoms,and the total number of carbon atoms for each cationic moiety (i.e., thesum of carbon atoms in R¹, R² and R³) preferably being about 20 or less;and X is an anionic counterion. Non-limiting examples of suchcounterions include halides (e.g., chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine),sulfate and methylsulfate. The degree of cationic substitution in thesepolysaccharide polymers is typically from about 0.01 to about 1 cationicgroups per anhydroglucose unit.

In one embodiment of the invention, the cellulose or guar cationicpolymers are salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with trimethylammonium substituted epoxide, referred to in the industry (CTFA) asPolyquaternium 10 and available from Amerchol Corp. (Edison, N.J., USA).

Synthetic Cationic Deposition Polymers

The personal care compositions of the present invention may also includesynthetic cationic deposition polymers. Generally, such syntheticcationic deposition polymers may be present at a concentration fromabout 0.025% to about 5%, by weight of the composition. Such syntheticcationic deposition polymers have a molecular weight from about 1,000 toabout 5,000,000. Additionally, such synthetic cationic depositionpolymers have a charge density from about 0.5 meq/g to about 10 meq/g.

Suitable synthetic cationic deposition polymers include those which arewater-soluble or dispersible, cationic, non-crosslinked, conditioningcopolymers comprising: (i) one or more cationic monomer units; and (ii)one or more nonionic monomer units or monomer units bearing a terminalnegative charge; wherein said copolymer has a net positive charge, acationic charge density of from about 0.5 meq/g to about 10 meg/g, andan average molecular weight from about 1,000 to about 5,000,000.

Non-limiting examples of suitable synthetic cationic deposition polymersare described in United States Patent Application Publication US2003/0223951 A1 to Geary et al.

Anti-Dandruff Actives

The compositions may also contain an anti-dandruff active. Suitablenon-limiting examples of anti-dandruff actives include pyridinethionesalts, azoles, selenium sulfide, particulate sulfur, keratolytic agents,and mixtures thereof. Such anti-dandruff actives should be physicallyand chemically compatible with the essential components of thecomposition, and should not otherwise unduly impair product stability,aesthetics or performance.

Pyridinethione anti-microbial and anti-dandruff agents are described,for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,809,971; 3,236,733; 3,753,196;3,761,418; 4,345,080; 4,323,683; 4,379,753; and 4,470,982.

Azole anti-microbials include imidazoles such as climbazole andketoconazole.

Selenium sulfide compounds are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No.2,694,668; U.S. Pat. No. 3,152,046; U.S. Pat. No. 4,089,945; and U.S.Pat. No. 4,885,107.

Sulfur may also be used as a particulate anti-microbial/anti-dandruffagent in the anti-microbial compositions of the present invention.

The present invention may further comprise one or more keratolyticagents such as Salicylic Acid.

Additional anti-microbial actives of the present invention may includeextracts of melaleuca (tea tree) and charcoal.

When present in the composition, the anti-dandruff active is included inan amount from about 0.01% to about 5%, preferably from about 0.1% toabout 3%, and more preferably from about 0.3% to about 2%, by weight ofthe composition.

Particles

The compositions of the present invention optionally may compriseparticles. Particles useful in the present invention can be inorganic,synthetic, or semi-synthetic. In the compositions of the presentinvention, it is preferable to incorporate no more than about 20%, morepreferably no more than about 10% and even more preferably no more than2%, by weight of the composition, of particles. In an embodiment of thepresent invention, the particles have an average mean particle size ofless than about 300 μm.

Non-limiting examples of inorganic particles include colloidal silicas,fumed silicas, precipitated silicas, silica gels, magnesium silicate,glass particles, talcs, micas, sericites, and various natural andsynthetic clays including bentonites, hectorites, and montmorillonites.

Examples of synthetic particles include silicone resins,poly(meth)acrylates, polyethylene, polyester, polypropylene,polystyrene, polyurethane, polyamide (e.g., Nylon®), epoxy resins, urearesins, acrylic powders, and the like.

Non-limiting examples of hybrid particles include sericite & crosslinkedpolystyrene hybrid powder, and mica and silica hybrid powder.

Opacifying Agents

The compositions of the present invention may also contain one or moreopacifying agents. Opacifying agents are typically used in cleansingcompositions to impart desired aesthetic benefits to the composition,such as color or pearlescence. In the compositions of the presentinvention, it is preferable to incorporate no more than about 20%, morepreferably no more than about 10% and even more preferably no more than2%, by weight of the composition, of opacifying agents.

Suitable opacifying agents include, for example, fumed silica,polymethylmethacrylate, micronized Teflon®, boron nitride, bariumsulfate, acrylate polymers, aluminum silicate, aluminum starchoctenylsuccinate, calcium silicate, cellulose, chalk, corn starch,diatomaceous earth, Fuller's earth, glyceryl starch, hydrated silica,magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, magnesiumtrisilicate, maltodextrin, microcrystalline cellulose, rice starch,silica, titanium dioxide, zinc laurate, zinc myristate, zincneodecanoate, zinc rosinate, zinc stearate, polyethylene, alumina,attapulgite, calcium carbonate, calcium silicate, dextran, nylon, silicasilylate, silk powder, soy flour, tin oxide, titanium hydroxide,trimagnesium phosphate, walnut shell powder, or mixtures thereof. Theabove mentioned powders may be surface treated with lecithin, aminoacids, mineral oil, silicone oil, or various other agents either aloneor in combination, which coat the powder surface and render theparticles hydrophobic in nature.

The opacifying agents may also comprise various organic and inorganicpigments. The organic pigments are generally various aromatic typesincluding azo, indigoid, triphenylmethane, anthraquinone, and xanthinedyes. Inorganic pigments include iron oxides, ultramarine and chromiumor chromium hydroxide colors, and mixtures thereof.

Suspending Agents

The compositions of the present invention may further comprise asuspending agent at concentrations effective for suspendingwater-insoluble material in dispersed form in the compositions or formodifying the viscosity of the composition. Such concentrationsgenerally range from about 0.1% to about 10%, preferably from about 0.3%to about 5.0%, by weight of the composition, of suspending agent.

Suspending agents useful herein include anionic polymers and nonionicpolymers. Useful herein are vinyl polymers such as cross linked acrylicacid polymers with the CTFA name Carbomer.

Paraffinic Hydrocarbons

The compositions of the present invention may contain one or moreparaffinic hydrocarbons. Paraffinic hydrocarbons suitable for use incompositions of the present invention include those materials which areknown for use in hair care or other personal care compositions, such asthose having a vapor pressure at 1 atm of equal to or greater than about21° C. (about 70° F.). Non-limiting examples include pentane andisopentane.

Propellants

The composition of the present invention also may contain one or morepropellants. Propellants suitable for use in compositions of the presentinvention include those materials which are known for use in hair careor other personal care compositions, such as liquefied gas propellantsand compressed gas propellants. Suitable propellants have a vaporpressure at 1 atm of less than about 21° C. (about 70° F.). Non-limitingexamples of suitable propellants are alkanes, isoalkanes, haloalkanes,dimethyl ether, nitrogen, nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide, and mixturesthereof.

Other Optional Components

The compositions of the present invention may contain fragrance.

The compositions of the present invention may also contain water-solubleand water-insoluble vitamins such as vitamins B1, B2, B6, B12, C,pantothenic acid, pantothenyl ethyl ether, panthenol, biotin and theirderivatives, and vitamins A, D, E, and their derivatives. Thecompositions of the present invention may also contain water-soluble andwater-insoluble amino acids such as asparagine, alanine, indole,glutamic acid and their salts, and tyrosine, tryptamine, lysine,histadine and their salts.

The compositions of the present invention may contain a mono- ordivalent salt such as sodium chloride.

The compositions of the present invention may also contain chelatingagents.

The compositions of present invention may further comprise materialsuseful for hair loss prevention and hair growth stimulants or agents.

Method of Making Personal Care Composition

The compositions of the present invention, in general, may be made bymixing the ingredients together at either room temperature or atelevated temperature, e.g., about 72° C. Heat only needs to be used ifsolid ingredients are in the composition. The ingredients are mixed atthe batch processing temperature. Additional ingredients, includingelectrolytes, polymers, fragrance, and particles, may be added to theproduct at room temperature.

Method of Treating Hair or Skin

The personal care compositions of the present invention are used in aconventional manner for cleansing and conditioning hair or skin.Generally, a method of treating hair or skin of the present inventioncomprises applying the personal care composition of the presentinvention to the hair or skin. More specifically, an effective amount ofthe personal care composition is applied to the hair or skin, which haspreferably been wetted with water, and then the personal carecomposition is rinsed off. Such effective amounts generally range fromabout 1 g to about 50 g, preferably from about 1 g to about 20 g.Application to the hair typically includes working the compositionthrough the hair such that most or all of the hair is contacted with thecomposition.

This method for treating the hair or skin comprises the steps of: (a)applying an effective amount of the personal care composition to thehair or skin, and (b) rinsing the applied areas of hair or skin withwater. These steps can be repeated as many times as desired to achievethe desired cleansing and conditioning benefit.

For use in methods of the present invention, the personal carecomposition may be in various forms, for example, shampoos, body washes,gels, lotions, creams, mousses, and sprays. For some of these forms, thepersonal care composition may be packaged in a pump-dispenser bottle orin an aerosol container. In other useful forms, the personal carecomposition may be dried to a film or a powder, or it may be applied toa substrate which is then used for application to the hair or skin.

NON-LIMITING EXAMPLES

The compositions illustrated in the following Examples illustratespecific embodiments of the compositions of the present invention, butare not intended to be limiting thereof. Other modifications can beundertaken by the skilled artisan without departing from the spirit andscope of this invention. These exemplified embodiments of thecomposition of the present invention provide enhanced deposition ofconditioning agents to the hair and/or skin.

The compositions illustrated in the following Examples are prepared byconventional formulation and mixing methods, an example of which isdescribed above. All exemplified amounts are listed as weight percentsand exclude minor materials such as diluents, preservatives, colorsolutions, imagery ingredients, botanicals, and so forth, unlessotherwise specified.

The following are representative of shampoo compositions of the presentinvention:

NON-LIMITING EXAMPLES

Hompolymers

EXAMPLE COMPOSITION 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Emollient ⁽¹⁸⁾ 10 8 0.5 5 5 0.51 6 5 7 Ammonium Laureth Sulfate (AE₃S) 7.5 Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate(ALS) 6.5 6.5 Sodium Laureth Sulfate (SE₃S) 6.50 Sodium Lauryl Sulfate(SLS) 5.50 Sodium Lauroamphoacetate ⁽¹⁴⁾ 2.00 Cocaminopropionic Acid⁽¹⁵⁾ 1.00 Cocamidopropyl Betaine ⁽¹⁶⁾ 1.00 Cocamide MEA  1.00 0.80 0.800.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 Cetyl Alcohol  0.35 0.90 0.60 0.600.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 Lauryl Alcohol  0.20 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.350.35 0.35 Dihydrogenated Tallowamidoethyl 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.150.15 0.15 Hydroxyethylmonium Methosulfate ⁽¹⁷⁾ 1-Propanaminium,N,N,N-trimethyl-3-  0.40 ⁽¹⁾ 0.50 ⁽¹⁾ 0.40 ⁽¹⁾ 0.40 ⁽¹⁾ 0.40 ⁽²⁾[(2-methyl-1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-, chloride;(Poly(Methacrylamidopropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride)) ^((1, 2))Methacryloamidopropyl-pentamethyl- 0.40 1,3-propylene-2-ol-ammoniumdichloride ⁽³⁾ 1-Propanaminium, N,N,N-trimethyl-3- 0.40[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-, chloride; (Poly(Acrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium chloride)) ⁽⁴⁾ [3-methacryloylamino)propyl] 0.40dimethylethylammonium ethylsulfate homopolymer ⁽⁵⁾ [(2- 0.40methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethyl- ammonium methylsulfate homopolymer ⁽⁶⁾Ethylene Glycol Distearate 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50Trihydroxystearin ⁽⁷⁾  0.25 Polyethylene Glycol (14000) ⁽⁸⁾ 0.17 0.170.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 Fragrance  0.55 0.70 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.550.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 Sodium Chloride  0.30 1.30 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.800.80 0.80 0.80 Ammonium Xylenesulfonate  1.00 Citric Acid  0.04 0.040.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 Sodium Citrate  0.40 0.40 0.400.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 Sodium Benzoate  0.25 0.25 0.25 0.250.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid  0.100.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 Dimethicone ^((9, 10, 11))2.35 ⁽⁹⁾ 0.50 ⁽⁹⁾ 2.00 ⁽¹⁰⁾ 2.00 ⁽¹¹⁾ 0.80 ⁽⁹⁾ 0.80 ⁽⁹⁾ 0.50 ⁽⁹⁾ 0.50⁽⁹⁾ Polydecene ⁽¹²⁾ 0.40 Trimethylolpropane 0.10 Tricaprylate/Tricaprate⁽¹³⁾ Water and Minors (QS to 100%) ⁽¹⁾ HMW MAPTAC (Rhodia) [chargedensity = 4.5 meq/g, molecular weight ~860,000] ⁽²⁾ HHMW MAPTAC (Rhodia)[charge density = 4.5 meq/g, molecular weight ~1,500,000] ⁽³⁾ Diquat(Rhodia) [charge density = 5.60 meq/g, molecular weight ~252,000] ⁽⁴⁾APTAC (Rhodia) [charge density = 4.88 meq/g, molecular weight~1,916,000] ⁽⁵⁾ Homopolymer of DMAPMA + DES (Rhodia) [charge density =3.09 meq/g, molecular weight ~180,000] ⁽⁶⁾ Homopolymer of METAMS(Rhodia) [charge density = 3.53 meq/g, molecular weight ~313,000] ⁽⁷⁾Thixcin R (Rheox) ⁽⁸⁾ PEG 14M (Dow Chemical) ⁽⁹⁾ Viscasil 330M (GeneralElectric Silicones) ⁽¹⁰⁾ Dow Corning ® 1664 Emulsion (Dow Corning) ⁽¹¹⁾Dow Corning ® 2-1865 Microemulsion (Dow Corning) ⁽¹²⁾ Puresyn 6,MCP-1812 (Mobil) ⁽¹³⁾ Mobil P43 (Mobil) ⁽¹⁴⁾ Miranol Ultra L32 (Rhodia)⁽¹⁵⁾ MACKAM 151C (McIntyre) ⁽¹⁶⁾ Tegobetaine F-B (Goldschmidt) ⁽¹⁷⁾Varisoft 110 (Witco) ⁽¹⁸⁾ An emollient component according to theformula:

What is claimed is:
 1. A personal care composition comprising anemollient represented by the formula:


2. A personal care composition according to claim 1, wherein saidpersonal care composition further comprises one or more ingredientsselected from the group consisting of a conditioning agent, naturalcationic deposition polymers, synthetic cationic deposition polymers,anti-dandruff agents, particles, suspending agents, paraffinichydrocarbons, propellants, viscosity modifiers, dyes, non-volatilesolvents or diluents (water-soluble and water-insoluble), pearlescentaids, foam boosters, additional surfactants or nonionic cosurfactants,pediculicides, pH adjusting agents, perfumes, preservatives, chelants,proteins, skin active agents, sunscreens, UV absorbers, and vitamins,wherein said ingredients are provided in a cosmetically acceptablemedium.
 3. A personal care composition according to claim 1, whereinsaid personal care composition consists essentially of ingredients whichare natural or naturally derived.
 4. A personal care compositionaccording to claim 1, further comprising one or more surfactants.
 5. Apersonal care composition according to claim 1, wherein said emollientis derived from a natural feedstock.
 6. A personal care compositionaccording to claim 1, wherein said natural feedstock is a monoester ofvegetable oil fatty acids and 1,3-propanediol.
 7. A personal carecomposition according to claim 6, wherein said vegetable oil fatty acidis selected from the group consisting of coconut, palm, soybean,rapeseed, sunflower seed, peanut, cottonseed, palm kernel, and olive.